Benefits of phosholipids in aquafeed development: a review

Document Type : Review

Authors

1 Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala, Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.

2 Higher Institution Center of Excellence (HICOE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia.

3 Tripleves Venture Sdn. Bhd., Kampung Baru Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia.

4 Environmental Science Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.

5 Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin, China.

Abstract

Fish oil (FO) is the main source of lipid in aquafeed, but its use has become very unsustainable due to over-exploitation, scarcity and high cost. Plant oil has been proposed as an alternative to FO, but they are less digestible and not rich in fatty acids. In addition, larval and juvenile fish are unable to synthesize sufficient phospholipids (PLs) for their metabolic need. Hence, the necessity to supplement PLs in their diets. This review describes the application and beneficial impact of dietary PLs in aquafeed. PLs are an essential component of aquafeed as they supply energy for metabolic activities and enhance digestion and absorption of other dietary lipids. Plant-based PLs such as soy lecithin serve as an emulsifier
that helps lipid catabolism by facilitating enzymatic hydrolysis in the fish’s digestive system, besides improving nutrient absorption, growth and health. Studies on farm animals have confirmed the positive effects of PLs. Although literature on aquafeed application is limited, growth and health of farmed fish and crustaceans. The use of PLs in aquaculture is set to increase as both feed producers and farmers seek to maximize production through efficient feed utilization and ensure sustainability in delivering quality fish to consumers.

Graphical Abstract

Benefits of phosholipids in aquafeed development: a review

Highlights

  • The use of phospholipids in aquafeed is increasing and gaining wider consideration.
  • Dietary phospholipids enhance digestion and absorption of other lipids in aquaculture species.
  • Dietary phospholipids are vital for growth and good health of aquaculture stocks.
  • Hydrolyzed phospholipids are more efficient in aquatic feed utilization and growth compared with normal phospholipids.

Keywords

References

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