Advancing sustainable resource utilization: a review of aquatic biorefineries

Document Type : Review

Author

Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746- 73441, Iran. 2Environmental Research Institute, University of Isfahan, Isfahan 81746-73441, Iran.

Abstract

This review explores the transformative potential of aquatic biorefineries in advancing sustainable resource utilization. As global demands for renewable resources intensify, biorefineries have emerged as versatile solutions. Focusing on aquatic environments, this paper delves into diverse biomass resources, encompassing microorganisms, algae and aquatic plants. It navigates through key biorefinery processes, including hydrothermal liquefaction, algae cultivation and enzymatic conversion, illuminating their roles in sustainable biofuel and high-value chemical production. Thermochemical
conversion processes, such as pyrolysis and gasification, offer additional pathways for bio-based product generation.
The review critically assesses challenges in these processes, ranging from technical intricacies to regulatory considerations. Examining products derived from aquatic biorefineries (i.e. biofuels, chemicals and biomaterials) underscores their versatility. Looking ahead, the paper identifies technical challenges, regulatory landscapes and emerging technologies as focal points for future research. The review concludes by envisioning aquatic biorefineries as key players in sustainable resource management, advocating for research and technological innovation to propel this transformative field into the mainstream of the bio-based economy.

Graphical Abstract

Advancing sustainable resource utilization: a review of aquatic biorefineries

Highlights

  • Harnessing the potential of high-lipid algae to produce eco-friendly biofuels propels sustainable energy solutions.
  • Derived from crustacean waste, chitin is a versatile resource in transforming various industries.
  • Unlocking valuable resources from wastewater streams will pioneer a circular economy approach in aquatic biorefineries.
  • Incorporating latest studies, LCA analysis guides the path towards heightened environmental resilience.
  • Revolutionizing material science, bioplastics from aquatic biomass redefine the landscape of sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives.

Keywords

References

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Planetary Sustainability
Volume 2, Issue 1 - Serial Number 1
January 2024
Pages 26-34

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